The 1960's were great years when it came to further development of the small block. The 327,302 and 350's that were developed produced fantastic horsepower numbers never seen yet in engines of these displacements.So let's get into what happened during this decade when it came to the small blocks performance. During this decade the small block would be installed in almost every type of race car built at the time including Ferrari's,Maserati's to the American built Chaparral. Even British built Lola's were eventually built using the small block Chevy. The light weight,durability and power potential made it idea for these race cars
The 327
This displacement wasn't something that the engineers at Chevy actually thought about until it came to their attention that racers were boring and stroking the 283 with suprising results. The 283's 3.87 inch bore was thought to be the limit. And considering that the original small block design was simply to accommodate 265 C.I.D. The 327 would be the first engine to be designed and built at the Chevrolet engineering Center. The first ones were tested pretty much at the beginning of the decade. After problems like core shift and oil consumption were dealt with the engine was made available for the 62 model year. The engine had a 4.00 in bore,3.25 in stoke and retained the journal sizes of 2.30 in mains and 2.00 in rods from the 283. The increased bore and stroke gave some pretty impressive horsepower and torque numbers. When the engineers started installing bigger cams,performance cylinder heads that were ported and then added the "Dog House" fuel injection they pushed the numbers up to 360 HP! This engine powered the 1963 Corvette to a 14.5 second quarter mile time. There was also no factory installed small blocks in the Chevy II's. That wasa dealership option that allowed either the 283 or 327 with the recessed oil filter boss. The 327 would top out at 375 Horsepower with the fuel injection option.
The 327
This displacement wasn't something that the engineers at Chevy actually thought about until it came to their attention that racers were boring and stroking the 283 with suprising results. The 283's 3.87 inch bore was thought to be the limit. And considering that the original small block design was simply to accommodate 265 C.I.D. The 327 would be the first engine to be designed and built at the Chevrolet engineering Center. The first ones were tested pretty much at the beginning of the decade. After problems like core shift and oil consumption were dealt with the engine was made available for the 62 model year. The engine had a 4.00 in bore,3.25 in stoke and retained the journal sizes of 2.30 in mains and 2.00 in rods from the 283. The increased bore and stroke gave some pretty impressive horsepower and torque numbers. When the engineers started installing bigger cams,performance cylinder heads that were ported and then added the "Dog House" fuel injection they pushed the numbers up to 360 HP! This engine powered the 1963 Corvette to a 14.5 second quarter mile time. There was also no factory installed small blocks in the Chevy II's. That wasa dealership option that allowed either the 283 or 327 with the recessed oil filter boss. The 327 would top out at 375 Horsepower with the fuel injection option.
While the 327 was being designed there was also work going on with another small block that actually got its start in the later part of the 1950's as a test platform for performance parts that went out the back door through SEDCO.Something put together by Vince Piggins, one of the guys that worked at Chevrolet during the time,more on him later. SEDCO was a low profile way to get newly developed performance parts out to the guys doing the racing and backyard engine building. Anyways, the 302 was actually built as this test platform using a bored out 283 prior to the 60's and by 1961 the block had enough strength to actually handle the 4.00 in bore.
There are a great many innovations that came out as a result of testing the performance including "Cowl Induction" and what is now the 'Cold Air Intake" And by this time it was well established that the term "Small Block" & "Big Block" were terms coined specifically as a result of engines built by Chevrolet. When the 302 was made available it was installed into the all new Z-28 Camaro. There was a specified amount of Z-28's made available to the puplic because it was part of the SCCA Trans Am rules. The engine was rated at 290 Horse power for the street however actual dyno numbers like 340,350,375 and 390 have been tossed around. The 302 built by Traco for the racing series dyno'd out at around 500 horsepower. And it would rev like no tomorrow making it pretty much perfect for the Trams Am series racing.
Specs for the 302 went something like this,
Aluminum Intake
11:1 compression
2.02/1.60 closed chamber heads
800 CFM Holley
Forged Pistons
Duntov "30/30" Cam
Steel Forged crank
And what was known as a Tuffriding Surface treatment.
The 350 Chevy
By now with the small block's power potential reaching 365 or so horsepower the engineers at Chevy were given the task of possibly enlarging the small block even more. Now remember it was only a few years ago the 327 appeared and the engineers and testing guys felt comfortable with the displacement of the 327. So the engineers designed and built a 3.47 in stroke crank and the 350 was born. Now when people talk about a "small block Chevy" this is the motor they're referring to. Now,along the course of the development of the block itself, the area where the crankshaft rotates had been changed a number of times and for the 350 it was no exception.By raising the lower end of the bore and making sure there was enough room inside the panrail area for the larger rotating mass. This also created the need for the main and rod jounal size to be in creased and thus the "large journal" crank was developed.
Now back when this writer was growing up the 327 was considered the ultimate small block. This may have been a result of the 350 debuting with 295 horsepower. The smaller 327 was still cranking out 360 or so HP. There were a number of problems that arose with the 350 after it was in production. After these issues were addressed the 350 went on debut in the 1967 Camaro. By the begining of the next decade the 350 would become the most powerful small block ever built with the LT-1 RPO designation. It would take 22 years before the small block would surpass the original LT-1's power.
The 307
With power demands for the basic small block increasing the 283 witch was considered powerful only 10 years before was given a fresh work over with a 327 crankshaft. This didn't create a power monster, the engine was never available with any performance options. However,it doesn't take much to increase the small blocks power with just a few go fast goodies like a manifold and a 4 barrel carburetor and given the 3.25 in stroke it had an almost perfect rod/stroke ration for an accelleration engine. The 307 because the base engine for Chevrolet's passenger cars and truck line up.
The 350 Chevy
By now with the small block's power potential reaching 365 or so horsepower the engineers at Chevy were given the task of possibly enlarging the small block even more. Now remember it was only a few years ago the 327 appeared and the engineers and testing guys felt comfortable with the displacement of the 327. So the engineers designed and built a 3.47 in stroke crank and the 350 was born. Now when people talk about a "small block Chevy" this is the motor they're referring to. Now,along the course of the development of the block itself, the area where the crankshaft rotates had been changed a number of times and for the 350 it was no exception.By raising the lower end of the bore and making sure there was enough room inside the panrail area for the larger rotating mass. This also created the need for the main and rod jounal size to be in creased and thus the "large journal" crank was developed.
Now back when this writer was growing up the 327 was considered the ultimate small block. This may have been a result of the 350 debuting with 295 horsepower. The smaller 327 was still cranking out 360 or so HP. There were a number of problems that arose with the 350 after it was in production. After these issues were addressed the 350 went on debut in the 1967 Camaro. By the begining of the next decade the 350 would become the most powerful small block ever built with the LT-1 RPO designation. It would take 22 years before the small block would surpass the original LT-1's power.
The 307
With power demands for the basic small block increasing the 283 witch was considered powerful only 10 years before was given a fresh work over with a 327 crankshaft. This didn't create a power monster, the engine was never available with any performance options. However,it doesn't take much to increase the small blocks power with just a few go fast goodies like a manifold and a 4 barrel carburetor and given the 3.25 in stroke it had an almost perfect rod/stroke ration for an accelleration engine. The 307 because the base engine for Chevrolet's passenger cars and truck line up.